Through the BioMed Research International, s cientists have found edible mushrooms to be a sustainable tool for the control of parasitic nematodes affecting agriculture and livestock industry. Nematodes are organisms living in the soil and animals’ guts where they may live as parasites severely affecting economically important crops and farm animals, thus causing economic losses to worldwide agriculture. Traditionally, parasitic nematodes have been controlled using commercial pesticides and anthelmintic (AH) drugs. The overuse of commercial pesticides have not only lead to extensive environmental damages, they have also caused the nematodes to become resilient, reducing the usefulness of many commercial drugs. Edible mushrooms have been explored as a successful, less harmful “pesticide” to use on livestock and agriculture. Studies have identified ten species of gilled fungi, including the oyster mushroom, who have the ability to produced tiny droplets from structures in their myceliu
Rising sea surface temperatures and ocean acidification are set to destroy more than 90 percent of coral reefs by 2050. Despite increased awareness to the threat of climate change to biodiversity, and the establishment of guidelines to preserve marine ecosystems, environmental degradation is occurring faster than the pace of coral adaptation through natural selection according to Hoegh-Goldberg, climate scientist, and biologist specializing in coral reefs. Elevated seawater temperatures and coral bleaching are providing the correct conditions for opportunistic and/or pathogenic bacteria to damage coral reefs further, accompanying the decline in coral health. However, thanks to microbial biotechnology it has been shown that coral-associated prokaryotes can be manipulated through inoculations with specific taxa. Scientists from the Australian Institute of Marine Science, and University of Melbourne have identified that the modification of the microbiome may provide flexibility for the